Internet of Things Prompting a Transition for Micro-Mobility
Micro-mobility is the term used for modes of transportation that includes light-duty vehicles to travel small distances. Bikes, eScooters, ebikes, mopeds, and scooters are examples of such light-duty vehicles.
These vehicles are used to cover short distances, generally less than five miles. Vehicles in micro-mobility fleets are fuel-efficient and eco-friendly since the majority are either electric-motor-driven or peddle-driven. Countries all over the globe are supporting micro-mobility to alleviate traffic congestion and pollution, which will increase the global IoT solutions for the micro-mobility market.
According to BIS Research, the global IoT solutions for the micro-mobility market was estimated to be at $3.4 billion in 2020, which is expected to grow with a CAGR of 17.39% and reach $26.3 billion by 2031.
Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of connecting multiple devices with the help of wired and wireless communication networks to enable data transfer without the need for any human intervention. IoT has many applications across the e-mobility industry.
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Internet of Things (IoT) Protocols for Micro-Mobility
1. Message Queue Telemetry Transport (MQTT) Protocol is one of the most widely used IoT data protocols in the micro-mobility industry. It is a lightweight messaging protocol that is intended to be open, simple, and easy to implement.
MQTT supports the publish and subscribe messaging system, which means a message is delivered by a client and then is queued on the message broker. Customers subscribing to this queue get the message as a push notification.
Advantages
• Small in size
• Low power consumption
• Works well for resource-constrained devices
• Ease of implementation
• Works well for Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication
• Can send and receive data to/from multiple devices
• Supports low bandwidth operations
• More reliable compared to other protocols
2. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is one of the most commonly used IoT network protocols. This protocol is the backbone of web-based data transmission.
When there is a large amount of data to be released, it is the most often utilized protocol for IoT devices. However, the HTTP protocol is not recommended due to its cost, battery life, energy savings, and other limits.
One of the HTTP protocol’s applications is additive manufacturing/3D printing. It allows computers to connect to a network of 3D printers to print three-dimensional objects and pre-determined process prototypes.
3. Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) is an IoT communication data protocol and an internet-utility protocol for limited-access devices. Using this protocol, the client may submit a request to the server, and the server can reply via HTTP to the client. It uses User Datagram Protocol (UDP) for lightweight implementation and saves space. The protocol uses the binary data format Efficient XML Interchanges (EXL).
Advantages:
• Low power consumption
• Data encryption benefits
4. Narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) is an IoT protocol based on low-power wide area network (LPWAN) technology and built to connect various IoT devices and empower IoT architecture by using current mobile networks. It is a low-power, narrowband technology that manages small quantities of two-way transmitting data in an efficient, secure, and dependable manner.
Advantages:
• Costs less
• Low power consumption
• Delivers better coverage
Increment in the Growth of IoT Solutions for the Micro-Mobility Industry
• Battery Swapping Technology Adoption for Charging Micro-mobility Fleets: Adopting a swappable battery, which allows the battery replacement, will drastically alter micro-mobility operations in the near future. Battery swapping is a great option for all kinds of micro-mobility sharing since it saves time and money.
It is important to sustain longer battery life and provide vehicle-to-grid choices and the benefit of decreased recharging downtime, which increases vehicle availability and earnings.
It has significantly reduced the time necessary to renew the range of an electric car, and battery swapping avoids the issue of a battery’s ability to hold current limiting it by the number of charging cycles it can withstand.
• Increased Investments in the Micro-Mobility Sector: Due to the growing demand for last-mile connections, particularly in metropolitan areas, there has been a rapid surge in micro-mobility companies in recent years.
Many well-known venture capitalists and automotive original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) have invested in new micro-mobility firms. It has contributed to increased competition among firms and the development of new products and services to fulfill consumers’ last-mile connection requirements.
To summarize, rapid population growth and urbanization throughout the world are promoting a shift to micro-mobility. Furthermore, this would considerably boost the worldwide IoT solutions for the micro-mobility market in the future.
